September is Sickle Cell Disease Awareness Month

September is Sickle Cell Disease Awareness Month

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In 2023, September was declared as National Sickle Cell Awareness Month, a time to raise awareness of sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait. Adopting a healthy lifestyle is important, including learning how to prevent infections, which can be harder to fight off when you have Sickle Cell Disease. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institute of Health (NIH), Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders that affect hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen through the body. In sickle cell disease, the red blood cells become crescent or “sickle” shaped due to a genetic mutation. The sickle shaped cells do not move as easily and can get stuck and block blood flow to the rest of the body. How…
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Back-to-School Health Tips: Preventing Common Childhood Illnesses

Back-to-School Health Tips: Preventing Common Childhood Illnesses

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Children are gearing up for back to school, and some have already returned. When children miss school, they miss valuable opportunities for learning, social development, and emotional development. Let’s plan for a healthy school year. This starts with sufficient sleep, nutritious meals, and adequate physical activity to promote wellbeing. Even following those steps, children can become ill with any of the numerous common childhood illness. With students, families, and school staff following proper precautions, this will minimize disruptions from illnesses in the ever-important educational environment. For illnesses to spread, there needs to be a source, transmission, and a host. Transmission can be through contact with contaminated surfaces (e.g. desktops, doorknobs), sprays and splashes (e.g. from sneezing or coughing), inhalation from aerosolized particles, and vectors (e.g. mosquitos, ticks). The below measures…
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Summer Skin Infections

Summer Skin Infections

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Summer is here, bringing along hot temperatures. Enjoying activities like hiking, swimming, and basking in the sun is a highlight of the season. However, spending time outdoors also increases the risk of sunburn, insect bites, and contact with poisonous plants. Implementing preventative measures is crucial to fully enjoy these activities without unwanted consequences. Everyone over the age of 6 months should wear sunscreen when in the sun. People can also wear clothing that covers the skin, hats, and can utilize shady areas. Sunburns are uncomfortable, but are also a major cause of skin cancer, which affects nearly a quarter of all adults. The American Academy of Dermatology offers recommendations to help prevent common summer skin problems, including sunburn. These guidelines, found in "12 Summer Skin Problems You Can Prevent" (aad.org),…
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Simple Infection Prevention Steps for a Safe Summer

Simple Infection Prevention Steps for a Safe Summer

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With summer vacations in full swing, taking precautionary infection prevention measures will prevent derailment of the summer fun. Whether your vacation keeps you close to home or takes you to an international destination, hand hygiene remains the cornerstone of infection prevention. The following additional precautions can keep help keep you happy and healthy this summer! Preventing Foodborne Illnesses: Travelers’ diarrhea, generally contracted from contaminated food or water and transmitted via the fecal oral route, is the most common travel-related illness with estimates ranging from 30-70% of travelers impacted (CDC, 2023). Be sure to discuss travel plans ahead of time with your provider as they may want to provide oral rehydration salts or medications to have on hand in case they are needed. Certain measures can help reduce the risk, however…
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Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Misconceptions, Facts, and Prevention

Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Misconceptions, Facts, and Prevention

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Cancer—a heavy, scary, daunting diagnosis. Millions of Americans are affected by cancer every year, either themselves or someone they know. Technology is advancing at the speed of light, and for years now we have had access to a vaccine that prevents Human Papillomavirus (HPV), indirectly preventing many types of cancer, especially cervical cancer. It might sound strange to call the HPV vaccine an anti-cancer shot. However, when it prevents over 90% of HPV related cancers, it’s hard to explain it any other way. National Women's Health Week (May 12th-18th) is a pivotal time to spotlight the significance of the HPV vaccine in safeguarding women's health. By emphasizing the HPV vaccine in our newsletter during this month, we underscore the critical role it plays in preventing cervical cancer and promoting overall…
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Measles is making a Comeback!

Measles is making a Comeback!

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Measles is a highly transmissible viral illness associated with high fever and rash. Children under the age of 5, pregnant women, and immunocompromised people are at the highest risk of complications from measles, and about 20% of those with measles will require hospitalization. Often outbreaks will occur via travel and will happen in communities with low vaccination rates. Those too young for vaccination are especially vulnerable. There has been an increase in measles cases worldwide, with Europe reporting over 30,000 cases last year. Because the measles vaccine is highly effective, those affected are often unvaccinated. Recently, a person with a confirmed case of measles traveled through a northern Kentucky airport, potentially exposing hundreds of people to the virus. Prevention The best protection is the MMR vaccine. MMR vaccine is recommended…
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How to approach vaccine hesitancy amid alarmingly low vaccination rates

How to approach vaccine hesitancy amid alarmingly low vaccination rates

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Per the Kentucky Respiratory Disease Dashboard, there is a continuous increase in hospitalizations and Emergency Department visits related to COVID-19, influenza, and RSV (Workbook: DPH RSP 001 Respiratory Diseases (ky.gov)). A recent Health Alert Network (HAN) Health Advisory from the CDC highlights alarmingly low vaccination rates for COVID-19, influenza, and RSV. The coverage for the seasonal 2023-2024 influenza vaccine has notably decreased across all age groups compared to the previous season, with only 43.8% of individuals aged 18 and above and 43.9% of children aged 6 months to 17 years having received the flu vaccine, as reported on the CDC weekly flu vaccination dashboard as of December 23, 2023. The statistics for COVID-19 vaccination are even more concerning with only 7.7% of children aged 6 months to 17 years and 18.2%…
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Respiratory Illness: How to avoid antibiotic overuse through education

Respiratory Illness: How to avoid antibiotic overuse through education

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It’s that time of year again when respiratory illnesses show up around the community in higher numbers and provider’s offices, clinics, and emergency rooms are filling up with people seeking treatment. So, the question is do they need antibiotics or supportive care?The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) lists respiratory infections as colds/runny nose, sore throat, excluding group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (strep throat), COVID-19, influenza, bronchitis or a chest cold, middle ear infections, sinus infections, and pertussis, epiglottitis and laryngitis (1,2). So when might you need to prescribe an antibiotic? Antibiotics would be appropriate for patients who test positive for pertussis, strep throat, or have epiglottitis. However, for other respiratory infections, the need for an antibiotics is based on presentation, duration of…
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Enhanced Barrier Precautions for multi-drug-resistant organisms

Enhanced Barrier Precautions for multi-drug-resistant organisms

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Transmission of multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs) has a high impact on skilled nursing residents. Infections with these pathogens are difficult to treat and limited treatments are available. Preventing the transmission of multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs) among skilled nursing residents is imperative. (CDC, 2021) In 2019 the CDC introduced the Enhanced barrier precautions (EBP) as a way to help prevent spread of MDRO’s. EBP are a set of infection control measures used in skilled nursing facilities to reduce the risk of spreading infections, particularly those that may be transmitted through contact with bodily fluids, respiratory secretions, or contaminated surfaces. These precautions go above and beyond the standard precautions, and are typically implemented when dealing with patients who are known or suspected to have highly contagious MDROs (CDC, 2022). Enhanced barrier precautions expand the…
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